World Diabetes Day: Doctors emphasise early screening, identification of insulin resistance and timely lifestyle changes

Hyderabad, Nov 15: Diabetes, once largely associated with people above 50 or 60 years of age, is increasingly being diagnosed among young adults in their 20s and 30s. Doctors at Amor Hospitals have expressed concern over this changing trend, attributing the growing risk to unhealthy eating habits, late-night snacking, increasing stress, inadequate sleep and sedentary lifestyles.

Speaking on the occasion of World Diabetes Day, Dr. Lingaiah Miryala, Senior Consultant Physician and Diabetologist, Amor Hospitals observed that the age profile of diabetes patients has changed significantly over the past several years, with more cases being encountered among people below 30, particularly after the Covid-19 pandemic.

" Earlier, we commonly diagnosed diabetes among people above 50 years, and subsequently among those in their 40s. Today, we are increasingly seeing patients in their 20s and 30s. Excessive consumption of ultra-processed foods such as chips, instant noodles, refined carbohydrates and sugary beverages, particularly late at night, is a major concern. Combined with stress, irregular sleep and inadequate physical activity, these habits increase the risk of metabolic disorders. Young people must understand that diabetes is no longer a disease associated only with advancing age," said Dr. Lingaiah Miryala.

He recommended maintaining regular meal timings, avoiding heavy late-night meals and choosing healthier, fibre-rich foods. Night-shift employees, he advised, should plan their meals carefully and avoid frequently consuming sugary drinks and calorie-dense snacks.

Dr. L. Sunandhini , Internal Medicine Specialist, MBBS, MD - General Medicine Amor Hospitals said, " One of the biggest challenges is that diabetes can develop without noticeable symptoms. Unexplained weight loss, excessive thirst, frequent urination, unusual tiredness and tingling sensations in the limbs may indicate elevated blood glucose levels. However, many people remain completely unaware of their condition until a routine health check reveals abnormal results. Early screening is particularly important for individuals with obesity, a family history of diabetes or other metabolic risk factors."

Doctors recommended that adults, particularly those above 30 or with additional risk factors, discuss regular blood glucose screening with their physicians. Tests such as fasting blood glucose and HbA1c can help identify diabetes and prediabetes, while further clinical evaluation may be necessary to assess suspected insulin resistance.

Insulin resistance develops when the body's cells respond less effectively to insulin, increasing the risk of Type 2 diabetes. Identifying metabolic abnormalities early provides an opportunity to introduce dietary changes, physical activity and weight management before diabetes develops.

 Commenting on diabetes, Dr. Kishore B. Reddy, Managing Director, Amor Hospitals said, " The increasing incidence of diabetes among younger generations is a serious public health concern. Prevention must begin before complications arise. At Amor Hospitals, our focus is on encouraging early diagnosis, preventive screening and comprehensive diabetes management. We want young people to recognise that small but consistent lifestyle changes, supported by timely medical guidance, can protect them from serious long-term health complications."

Doctors cautioned that uncontrolled diabetes can lead to complications affecting the heart, kidneys, nerves and eyes, while severe metabolic emergencies such as diabetic ketoacidosis may require intensive care. They urged people to prioritise regular health assessments, healthier food choices, physical activity and timely medical consultation.